Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN) is a rare group of tumors that involve abnormal growth of
cells inside a woman's uterus. These cells are called trophoblasts and are normally found in the tissue
that forms the placenta during pregnancy.
Understanding Signs, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Gestational trophoblastic disease or other disorders may be to blame for these and other signs
and symptoms and these are:
Bleeding from the cervix unrelated to menstruation.
A uterus that grows bigger than usual while pregnant.
Pelvic pressure or pain.
Severe morning sickness and vomiting while pregnant.
Early on in a pregnancy, high blood pressure, headaches, and swelling in the hands and feet are common.
Bleeding in the uterus after delivery that lasts longer than usual.
Anemia causes symptoms like exhaustion, breathlessness, lightheadedness, and a rapid or irregular pulse.
The following tests can be used to detect and diagnose gestational trophoblastic illness by looking at the uterus:
History and physical examination
Pelvic examination
Pelvic ultrasound examination
Blood test for tumor markers
Urinalysis
Based on the illness type, stage, or risk group, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is treated
differently. Treatment options for people with gestational trophoblastic illness vary.
There are three categories of conventional treatment:
Surgery: The two various surgical procedures are: hysterectomy, and dilatation and
curettage with suction
Chemotherapy: Use of drugs to kill cancer cells
Targeted therapy/ immunotherapy: These newer medications are used to reduce the
risk of recurrence as maintenance therapies or in advanced cancer as palliative
therapy.
Radiation treatment: Use of high energy X-rays to kill cancer cells
